Cardoon is a member of the artichoke family, and is commonly called Artichoke Thistle. It features thick, deeply cut, thistle-like leaves and a violet-colored thistle flower head that appears in late summer.

Cardoon is best started indoors, and its seeds should be sown 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost date of your region.

Cardoon should be planted in an area of full sun, and grows best in rich, well-drained soil. However, it is adaptable to various soil types, as long as it drains well.

• Start Cardoon seeds indoors in trays or small pots.
• Sow the 2-3 seeds per plant at a depth of 1/4 inch, and cover.
• Maintain a temperature of 70-80F and keep the seeds moist until germination, which should occur in 2-3 weeks.
• After emergence, temperature can be reduced to 60-70F. Provide plenty of light via a grow light or bright window. Once first true leaves appear, thin to the strongest seedling per container.
• Before transplanting seedlings into the garden, it's essential to "harden them off". This involves acclimating young plants to outdoor conditions by placing them in a sheltered outdoor area for about a week. Initially, shield them from strong winds and direct sunlight. If there's a risk of frost overnight, either cover the plants or bring them indoors, then return them outside in the morning. This hardening off method helps strengthen the plant's cell structure, minimizing transplant shock and sun damage.
• When transplanting outdoors, plant 2-3 feet apart. Plant in composted soil that can accommodate Cardoon's deep taproot.

• Keep weeds under control during the growing season. Weeds compete with plants for water, space and nutrients, so control them by either cultivating often or use a mulch to prevent their seeds from germinating.
• Mulches play a vital role in preserving soil moisture and ensuring consistent soil temperatures. When it comes to annuals, using organic mulch made from shredded leaves not only enhances the appearance of the bed but also enriches the soil as it decomposes over time. Remember to keep mulch away from the plant stems to avoid potential rot issues.
• Cardoon can be quite drought-tolerant once established, but it should be watered regulalry if grown as an edible crop.
• Don't be afraid to prune: diseased or dead foliage should be removed as needed. Cut off older leaves if a more compact plant is desired.
• Leaf stalks will be ready for harvest in 4-5 months from initial planting. Blanch the stalks for 3-4 weeks before harvesting by wrapping them in newspaper secured with string.
• Cardoon can be prepared to overwinter by cutting down to 8-10 inches in height and covering with debris such as leaves.