Iris flowers bloom in spring and last a long time. It is a very nice upright element in the rock garden, and is a clump forming, slow-to-moderate grower, and is very hardy. It's ideal for rock gardens, troughs and planters, patio pots, or at the front of the perennial border.

Plant indoors 4 - 6 weeks before the last frost. Or, start directly outdoors after danger of frost has passed.

Plant in full sun to partial shade with moist, well-drained soil.

• You have two options for planting seeds: Sow them directly into the garden at a depth of 1/8 inch after the risk of frost has passed. Alternatively, start seeds indoors four to six weeks before the average last frost date in spring.
• For best germination, shake seeds in dry sharp sand, or nick carefully with a file for scarification.
• Plant 1 - 2 seeds per cell or plant.
• Once seedlings sprout, ensure they receive plenty of light by placing them on a sunny windowsill or positioning them 3-4 inches below fluorescent plant lights that are switched on for 16 hours daily and off for 8 hours at night. Adjust the lights as the plants grow taller. Avoid using incandescent bulbs as they generate excessive heat. Remember, most plants need a period of darkness to thrive, so do not keep the lights on for 24 hours.
• Transplant into garden when temperatures are consistently warm.
• Before transplanting seedlings into the garden, it's essential to "harden them off". This involves acclimating young plants to outdoor conditions by placing them in a sheltered outdoor area for about a week. Initially, shield them from strong winds and direct sunlight. If there's a risk of frost overnight, either cover the plants or bring them indoors, then return them outside in the morning. This hardening off method helps strengthen the plant's cell structure, minimizing transplant shock and sun damage.
• Space plants 6 - 12 inches apart in garden.

• Keep weeds under control during the growing season. Weeds compete with plants for water, space and nutrients, so control them by either cultivating often or use a mulch to prevent their seeds from germinating.
• Mulches play a vital role in preserving soil moisture and ensuring consistent soil temperatures. When it comes to annuals, using organic mulch made from shredded leaves not only enhances the appearance of the bed but also enriches the soil as it decomposes over time. Remember to keep mulch away from the plant stems to avoid potential rot issues.
• Water deeply to keep soil moisture consistent, but do not overwater.
• Remove spent blooms often.